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The following is a summary of the first peoples that inhabited Brazil.
In the tables below, you can check the location and period in which each people existed, as well as information about their housing, food, utensils and clothing they used.
Hunters and Collectors
Location | Central and Northeast Region. | Subtropical forests of the Southeast. | South region. |
Home | Caves (in general) | Forests, riverside forests | Cave or open sky |
food | Game meat | River Molluscs | Wild fruits |
Utensils, clothing and achievements | Bows and Arrows | Elongated Boomerang Stone Knife | Bows, arrows and boleadeiras (allowed the hunting of fast animals) |
Concheiros
Location | South and Southeast Coastline |
Home | Cabins built on top of shell hills |
food | Fish (catfish, sharks) |
Utensils, clothing and achievements | Hatchet |
Farmers and Ceramists
Location | Amazon region | Marajó Island | South (Rio Grande do Sul) | Southeast and northeast coast |
Home | Detached houses housing around 100 to 150 people | Construction of dwellings on artificial hills called theses. The houses were thus protected from flooding | Underground houses (to protect from the cold) | Circular huts forming the village near the rivers. The huts housed several families, relatives |
food | Vegetables, Roots and Grains | Vegetables, Roots and Grains | Corn | Corn Cassava |
Utensils, clothing and achievements | Clay Objects: pots, plates, decorated with crossed lines and dots | Funeral urns ceremonial bowls, figurines (usually placed on graves) | Construction of underground tunnels (to store food or escape from enemies) | Hunting, coivara farming (burning a section of the forest for agriculture), fishing and canoeing |
Support material:
BERGAMIN, Ana Maria, HUMBERG, Flávia Ricca. People of America: From the first inhabitants to the first urban civilizations. Sao Paulo: Current, 1996.
GUARINELLO, Norberto Luiz. The first inhabitants of Brazil. Sao Paulo: Current, 1994.
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